We ran this a year ago today, and since the info within remains accurate, we're offering it up again today. Happy Presidents Day!
Quick, what's today? Presidents Day, the federal holiday that's probably known more for car dealership specials and being the driving force behind schools' winter break than for anything else, right?
But technically, in the eyes of the U.S. government, it's not.
The federal holiday introduced as Washington's Birthday in 1885 is still called Washington's Birthday.
To make matters more confusing, today isn't actually Washington's Birthday, and the holiday now never falls on his real birthday; he was born Feb. 22, 1732 (and even that's not quite true, since the calendar observed by the English colonies switched from the Julian to the Gregorian in 1752).
In 1971, the holiday recognizing his birth was shifted to the third Monday in February by the Uniform Monday Holiday Act (yes, that's the actual name). There was talk of a renaming at the same time as the shift, but that never happened.
And that's where the trouble began.
The aim of the act was to streamline holidays for federal government workers, and turn as many of them as possible into three-day weekends. But the only people bound to observe federal holidays are federal employees. Most states follow along with federal holiday designations, but when it came to Washington's Birthday, many didn't.
Some states went for the shift to third-Monday observance but adopted the idea of a holiday to celebrate all presidents. Because there's no set rule for what to call it, it's variably called Presidents Day and Presidents' Day, and sometimes, incorrectly, President's Day, which makes grammarians twitch.
Some states also kept recognizing Lincoln's birthday on Feb. 12, too, though that was never a federal holiday. A recognition of Abe's day remains on the books in some New Jersey municipalities, since unions have long negotiated it as a day off. And some states have weird hybrids, like Washington-Lincoln day.
So really, unless you're a federal employee, whether you have off or not and what you call the day comes down to where you live. In New Jersey, it's Presidents Day.
But don't try to drive that point home with the U.S. Office of Personnel Management.
As the department's website pointedly says in a footnote to its calendar, "this holiday is designated as 'Washington’s Birthday' in section 6103(a) of title 5 of the United States Code, which is the law that specifies holidays for Federal employees. Though other institutions such as state and local governments and private businesses may use other names, it is our policy to always refer to holidays by the names designated in the law."
Bit snooty about it, no?
Mary Frances
9:53 am on Monday, February 21, 2011
So embarrassingly, I knew basically none of this. You have both educated me AND helped me in my procrastinatory efforts this morning, Graelyn! Win-win!
Mark Wendell
12:02 pm on Monday, February 20, 2012
I had known about the Monday Holiday Act but I never knew why the 2 days that we used to have when I was in grade school kinda got washed into one general day. We called it Lincolns Birthday and Washington's Birthday, 2 separate days. That was only in the 70's and 80's. Sometime between me graduating from HS and having kids in school it became Presidents Day. Here is another Washington fact. He was the 8th leader of the USA. He was the first under the Constitution but under the Articles of Confederation from March 1781 to March 1789 we had 8 one year term Presiding Officers starting with Maryland's John Hanson. Under the Continental Congress from 1774 we also had 8 with Peyton Randolph of VA as the first. Many historians credit Hanson with being the first American president.
John Hayes
1:49 pm on Monday, February 20, 2012
I remember when this used to be a holiday for most companies.
Mark Wendell
2:26 pm on Monday, February 20, 2012
@ John Hayes. I seem to remember the same thing John but I think since the US has gone to a pretty much consumer economy that went away with the factories.
Anthony Francis
4:02 pm on Monday, February 20, 2012
I can remember when stores were not open on, New Years day, Thanksgiving, or any other family oriented day. But the corporate dollar also wins out when it comes it comes to the working people.
Mark Wendell
5:15 pm on Monday, February 20, 2012
@ Anthony, so right. It's getting worse too with stores like Wal*Mart and Toys R Us are open Thanksgiving night now. It's not good enough to shop on-line 24 hours, now it has to be done during Thanksgiving dinner.
Beach_N8iv
2:44 pm on Tuesday, February 21, 2012
The solution is simple, really. If people refuse to shop on Thanksgiving night the stores will stay closed. Supply and demand.
Mark Wendell
3:37 pm on Tuesday, February 21, 2012
@ beach_n8iv, yes it would but it will never never happen. In the USA people hurt each other at Wal*Mart for a deal on a TV. Low values. I would not shop on that day mostly because I feel bad that these people have to work. And before someone says they have a choice to work I can bet you at Wal*Mart they don't.